DS110.M33B46

- Includes bibliographical references and index - Includes some black-and-white illustrations and some tables

- The Puzzle and the Background: 1- Introduction: The Research Puzzle 2- The Historical Events of Masada 3- Excavations of Masada - The Masada Mythical Narrative 4- Shmaria Guttman 5- Masada and youth movements 6- Masada and the Pre- State Jewish underground groups 7- Masada and the Israeli Army (IDF) 8- Masada in the Textbooks 9- Masada, the Media, and Tourism 10- Masada in Children's Literature and in Art 11- The Masada Mythical Narrative - Analysis, Discussion, And summary 12- Methodological framing 13- Theoretical interpretation 14- Summry and a personal note

In 73 A.D., legend has it, 960 Jewish rebels under siege in the ancient desert fortress of Masada committed suicide rather than surrender to a Roman legion. Recorded in only one historical source, the story of Masada was obscure for centuries. In The Masada Myth, Israeli sociologist Nachman Ben-Yehuda tracks the process by which Masada became an ideological symbol for the State of Israel, the dramatic subject of movies and miniseries, a shrine venerated by generations of Zionists and Israeli soldiers, and the most profitable tourist attraction in modern Israel. Ben-Yehuda describes how, after nearly 1800 years, the long, complex, and unsubstantiated narrative of Josephus Flavius was edited and augmented in the twentieth century to form a simple and powerful myth of heroism. He looks at the ways this new mythical narrative of Masada was created, promoted, and maintained by pre-state Jewish underground organizations, the Israeli army, archaeological teams, mass media, youth movements, textbooks, the tourist industry, and the arts. He discusses the various organizations and movements that created “the Masada experience” (usually a ritual trek through the Judean desert followed by a climb to the fortress and a dramatic reading of the Masada story), and how it changed over decades from a Zionist pilgrimage to a tourist destination. Placing the story in a larger historical, sociological, and psychological context, Ben-Yehuda draws upon theories of collective memory and mythmaking to analyze Masada’s crucial role in the nation-building process of modern Israel and the formation of a new Jewish identity. An expert on deviance and social control, Ben-Yehuda looks in particular at how and why a military failure and an enigmatic, troubling case of mass suicide (in conflict with Judaism’s teachings) were reconstructed and fabricated as a heroic tale.